Vale ta samar da kimanin tan 250,000 na kayayyakin yashi masu dorewa, waɗanda aka ba da takardar shaidar maye gurbin yashi da ake haƙawa ba bisa ƙa'ida ba.

Bayan shekaru 7 na bincike da zuba jari na kimanin reais miliyan 50, Vale ta ƙirƙiro tsarin samar da kayayyakin yashi masu inganci, waɗanda za a iya amfani da su a masana'antar gini. Kamfanin ya yi amfani da wannan tsarin samar da kayayyakin yashi a yankin aikin ma'adinan ƙarfe a Minas Gerais, kuma ya canza kayan yashi waɗanda suka buƙaci amfani da madatsun ruwa ko hanyoyin tattarawa zuwa kayayyaki. Tsarin samarwa yana ƙarƙashin kulawar inganci iri ɗaya da samar da ma'adinan ƙarfe. A wannan shekarar, kamfanin ya sarrafa kuma ya samar da kimanin tan 250,000 na kayayyakin yashi masu dorewa, kuma kamfanin yana shirin sayar da su ko bayar da su don samar da siminti, turmi da siminti ko don shimfida shimfidar bene.

Mista Marcello Spinelli, Babban Mataimakin Shugaban Kasuwancin Ma'adinan Karfe na Vale, ya ce kayayyakin yashi sakamakon ayyukan aiki masu dorewa ne. Ya ce: "Wannan aikin ya sa muka samar da tattalin arziki mai zagaye a cikin gida. Akwai babban buƙatar yashi a masana'antar gini. Kayayyakin yashi namu suna ba da madadin abin dogaro ga masana'antar gini, yayin da suke rage tasirin muhalli da zamantakewa na zubar da wutsiya. Tasiri."

Wurin adana kayayyakin yashi mai dorewa a yankin haƙar ma'adinai na Bulkoutu

A cewar kiyasin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, bukatar yashi a duniya a kowace shekara tana tsakanin tan biliyan 40 zuwa 50. Yashi ya zama albarkatun kasa da aka fi amfani da su bayan ruwa, kuma ana cin zarafin wannan albarkatun ba bisa ka'ida ba kuma ana cin zarafin su a fadin duniya.

Ana ɗaukar kayayyakin yashi masu dorewa na Vale a matsayin wani ɓangare na ma'adinan ƙarfe. Ma'adinan da aka haƙo daga yanayi ya zama ma'adinan ƙarfe bayan wasu hanyoyin sarrafa jiki kamar niƙa, tacewa, niƙawa da kuma niƙawa a masana'anta. Sabuwar fasahar Vale ta ta'allaka ne a cikin sake sarrafa kayayyakin ma'adinan ƙarfe a matakin niƙawa har sai sun kai ga buƙatun inganci da ake buƙata kuma sun zama samfurin kasuwanci. A cikin tsarin niƙawa na gargajiya, waɗannan kayan za su zama wutsiya, waɗanda ake zubarwa ta hanyar amfani da madatsun ruwa ko a cikin tarin. Yanzu, kowane tan na samfurin yashi da aka samar yana nufin rage tan ɗaya na wutsiya.

Kayayyakin yashi da aka samar daga tsarin sarrafa ma'adinan ƙarfe an tabbatar da su 100%. Suna da yawan sinadarin silicon da ƙarancin sinadarin ƙarfe, kuma suna da daidaiton sinadarai da daidaiton girman barbashi. Mista Jefferson Corraide, babban manajan yankin aiki na Brucutu da Agualimpa, ya ce wannan nau'in samfurin yashi ba shi da haɗari. "Ana sarrafa kayayyakin yashi ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin zahiri, kuma ba a canza sinadaran kayan yayin sarrafawa, don haka samfuran ba su da guba kuma ba su da lahani."

An ba da takardar shaidar amfani da kayayyakin yashi na Vale a cikin siminti da turmi kwanan nan daga Cibiyar Binciken Kimiyya ta Brazil (IPT), Falcão Bauer da ConsultareLabCon, dakunan gwaje-gwaje uku na ƙwararru.

Masu bincike daga Cibiyar Ma'adanai Masu Dorewa a Jami'ar Queensland da ke Ostiraliya da Jami'ar Geneva da ke Switzerland suna gudanar da wani bincike mai zaman kansa don nazarin halayen kayayyakin yashi na Vale don fahimtar ko wannan kayan gini na daban da aka samo daga ma'adinai zai iya zama tushen yashi mai dorewa Kuma ya rage yawan sharar da ayyukan haƙar ma'adinai ke samarwa sosai. Masu bincike suna amfani da kalmar "oryes" don nufin kayayyakin yashi da aka samo daga kayayyakin ma'adinai da aka samar ta hanyar sarrafawa.

sikelin samarwa

Vale ta kuduri aniyar sayar ko bayar da gudummawar kayayyakin yashi sama da tan miliyan 1 nan da shekarar 2022. Masu sayen sa sun fito ne daga yankuna hudu ciki har da Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo da Brasilia. Kamfanin ya yi hasashen cewa nan da shekarar 2023, yawan kayayyakin yashi zai kai tan miliyan 2.

"Mun shirya tsaf don ƙara faɗaɗa kasuwar amfani da kayayyakin yashi daga 2023. Don wannan dalili, mun kafa ƙungiya mai himma don saka hannun jari a cikin wannan sabon kasuwancin. Za su yi amfani da tsarin samar da kayayyakin yashi ga tsarin samarwa da ake da shi don biyan buƙatun kasuwa." in ji Mista Rogério Nogueira, Daraktan Talla ta Vale Iron Mare.

A halin yanzu Vale tana samar da kayayyakin yashi a ma'adinan Brucutu da ke San Gonzalo de Abaisau, Minas Gerais, wanda za a sayar ko a bayar da gudummawa.

Sauran wuraren haƙar ma'adinai a Minas Gerais suma suna yin gyare-gyare ga muhalli da haƙar ma'adinai don haɗa hanyoyin samar da yashi. "Waɗannan yankunan haƙar ma'adinai suna samar da kayan yashi masu yawan sinadarin silicon, waɗanda za a iya amfani da su a masana'antu daban-daban. Muna haɗin gwiwa da cibiyoyi da yawa, ciki har da jami'o'i, cibiyoyin bincike da kamfanonin cikin gida da na ƙasashen waje, don samar da sabbin hanyoyin samar da sabbin ma'adinan ƙarfe. Hanya mafi kyau." Mr. André Vilhena, sabon manajan kasuwanci na Vale ya jaddada.

Baya ga amfani da kayayyakin more rayuwa da ake da su a yankin hakar ma'adinan ƙarfe, Vale ta kuma ƙirƙiro hanyar sadarwa ta sufuri wadda ta ƙunshi layin dogo da hanyoyi don jigilar kayayyakin yashi zuwa jihohi da dama a Brazil. "Manufarmu ita ce tabbatar da dorewar kasuwancin ma'adinan ƙarfe. Ta hanyar wannan sabon kasuwancin, muna fatan rage tasirin muhalli, yayin da muke neman damar haɓaka aikin yi da kuma ƙara samun kuɗi." Mista Verena ya ƙara da cewa.

kayayyakin muhalli

Vale ta gudanar da bincike kan aikace-aikacen wutsiya tun daga shekarar 2014. A bara, kamfanin ya buɗe masana'antar Bulo ta Puku, wacce ita ce masana'antar gwaji ta farko da ta samar da kayayyakin gini ta amfani da wutsiya daga ayyukan haƙar ma'adinai a matsayin babban kayan aiki. Masana'antar tana cikin yankin haƙar ma'adinai na Pico da ke Itabilito, Minas Gerais, kuma tana da niyyar haɓaka tattalin arziki mai zagaye a fannin sarrafa ma'adinan ƙarfe.

Cibiyar Ilimi ta Tarayya ta Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Minas Gerais da Pico Brick Factory sun ƙaddamar da haɗin gwiwar fasaha kuma sun aika da masu bincike 10 waɗanda suka haɗa da farfesoshi, masu fasaha a dakin gwaje-gwaje, ɗaliban digiri na biyu, ɗaliban digiri na farko da na fasaha zuwa masana'antar. A lokacin haɗin gwiwar, za mu yi aiki a wurin masana'antar, kuma ba za a sayar da kayayyakin a lokacin bincike da haɓaka su ga ƙasashen waje ba.

Vale kuma tana haɗin gwiwa da harabar Itabira ta Jami'ar Tarayya ta Itajuba don yin nazarin hanyar amfani da kayayyakin yashi don yin shimfida. Kamfanin yana shirin bayar da gudummawar kayayyakin yashi ga yankin don yin shimfida shimfida.

Ƙarin hakar ma'adinai mai ɗorewa

Baya ga haɓaka kayayyakin muhalli, Vale ta kuma ɗauki wasu matakai don rage wutsiyar ƙasa da kuma sa ayyukan haƙar ma'adinai su zama masu dorewa. Kamfanin ya himmatu wajen haɓaka fasahar sarrafa busasshiyar ƙasa wadda ba ta buƙatar ruwa. A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 70% na kayayyakin ƙarfe na Vale ana samar da su ne ta hanyar sarrafa busasshiyar ƙasa, kuma wannan kaso ba zai canza ba ko da bayan an ƙara ƙarfin samarwa na shekara-shekara zuwa tan miliyan 400 kuma an fara aiki da sabbin ayyuka. A shekarar 2015, ma'adinan ƙarfe da aka samar ta hanyar sarrafa busasshiyar ƙasa ya kai kashi 40% kawai na jimillar yawan fitarwa.

Ko za a iya amfani da busasshen sarrafa ƙarfe yana da alaƙa da ingancin ma'adinin ƙarfe da aka haƙa. Ma'adinin ƙarfe a Carajás yana da yawan ƙarfe (sama da kashi 65%), kuma tsarin sarrafa ƙarfe yana buƙatar a niƙa shi kawai a kuma tantance shi gwargwadon girman barbashi.

Matsakaicin adadin baƙin ƙarfe a wasu wuraren haƙar ma'adinai a Minas Gerais shine kashi 40%. Hanyar magani ta gargajiya ita ce ƙara yawan baƙin ƙarfe a cikin ma'adinan ta hanyar ƙara ruwa ga beneficiation. Yawancin abubuwan da ke haifar da wutsiya ana tara su ne a cikin madatsun wutsiya ko ramuka. Vale ta yi amfani da wata fasaha don haɓaka ƙarancin ƙarfe, wato busasshen rabuwar maganadisu na fasahar ma'adinan mai kyau (FDMS). Tsarin rabuwar maganadisu na ma'adinan ƙarfe ba ya buƙatar ruwa, don haka babu buƙatar amfani da madatsun wutsiya.

Kamfanin NewSteel ne ya ƙirƙiro fasahar raba ma'adanai ta busasshiyar maganadisu don ƙara ma'adinai a Brazil, wanda Vale ta saya a shekarar 2018, kuma an yi amfani da ita a wani kamfanin gwaji da ke Minas Gerais. Za a fara amfani da kamfanin kasuwanci na farko a yankin Vargem Grande a shekarar 2023. Kamfanin zai samar da tan miliyan 1.5 na shekara-shekara da jimillar jarin da ya kai dala miliyan 150.

Wata fasaha da za ta iya rage buƙatar madatsun ruwa na wutsiya ita ce tace wutsiya da adana su a cikin busassun tari. Bayan ƙarfin samar da ma'adinan ƙarfe na shekara-shekara ya kai tan miliyan 400, yawancin tan miliyan 60 (wanda ya kai kashi 15% na jimlar ƙarfin samarwa) za su yi amfani da wannan fasahar don tacewa da adana wutsiya. Vale ta buɗe masana'antar tace wutsiya a yankin haƙar ma'adinai na Great Varzhin, kuma tana shirin buɗe wasu masana'antun tace wutsiya uku a kwata na farko na 2022, ɗaya daga cikinsu yana cikin yankin haƙar ma'adinai na Brucutu, sauran biyu kuma suna cikin yankin haƙar ma'adinai na Itabira. Bayan haka, ma'adinan ƙarfe da aka samar ta hanyar amfani da tsarin amfani da ruwa na gargajiya zai ɗauki kashi 15% kawai na jimlar ƙarfin samarwa, kuma za a adana wutsiya da aka samar a cikin madatsun ruwa na wutsiya ko kuma ramukan ma'adinai da aka kashe.